Perbedaan Tense dan Aspect

Perbedaan Tense dan Aspect

Dalam bahasa Inggris hanya ada dua Tense: (1) Present Tense dan (2) Past Tense. 

Sementara yang diistilahkan aspect terdiri dari: 

1. present progressive aspect, 
2. past progressive aspect, 
3. present perfect aspect, 
4. past perfect aspect, 
5. present future aspect, 
6. past future aspect, 
7. (simple) past aspect, 
8. (simple) present aspect,
9. present progressive future aspect, 
10. past progressive future aspect. 
11. present perfect progressive
12. past perfect progressive. 

Progressive juga biasa diistilahkan continuous. 

Inilah kesalahan umum buku-buku grammar di Indonesia yang menganggap aspect sama dengan tense. Namun perlu disadari ini dilakukan dengan tujuan memudahkan para pelajar bahasa Inggris dalam memahami pola-pola kalimat perbedaan waktu (tense) dalam bahasa Inggris. 

Istilah perbedaan antara tense dan aspect terkhusus digunakan dalam bidang applied linguistics. 

Lebih jauh, berikut penjabaran beserta contoh aspect dari masing-masing tense:

Aspects of the present tense:

• Present simple: He studies English
• Present progressive: He is studying English. 
• Present perfect: He has studied English
• Present perfect progressive: He has been studying English for 3 hours. 

Aspects of the past tense

• Past simple: He studied English yesterday.
• Past progressive: He was studying English yesterday when I came to visit him.
• Past perfect: He had studied English before I came.
• Past perfect progressive: He had been studying English for 3 hours before I came. 

Muhammad Ahkam Arifin Muhammad Ahkam Arifin is a Fulbright PhD student at Washington State University, US. He earned a master`s degree in TESOL from the University of Edinburgh & Applied Linguistics from the University of Melbourne.

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